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Most window systems allow each frame to have a menu bar—a
permanently displayed menu stretching horizontally across the top of the
frame. The items of the menu bar are the subcommands of the fake “function
key” menu-bar, as defined in the active keymaps.
To add an item to the menu bar, invent a fake “function key” of your own
(let's call it key), and make a binding for the key sequence
[menu-bar key]. Most often, the binding is a menu keymap, so
that pressing a button on the menu bar item leads to another menu.
When more than one active keymap defines the same fake function key for the menu bar, the item appears just once. If the user clicks on that menu bar item, it brings up a single, combined menu containing all the subcommands of that item—the global subcommands, the local subcommands, and the minor mode subcommands.
The variable overriding-local-map is normally ignored when
determining the menu bar contents. That is, the menu bar is computed from
the keymaps that would be active if overriding-local-map were
nil. Voir la section Active Keymaps.
In order for a frame to display a menu bar, its menu-bar-lines
parameter must be greater than zero. Emacs uses just one line for the menu
bar itself; if you specify more than one line, the other lines serve to
separate the menu bar from the windows in the frame. We recommend 1 or 2 as
the value of menu-bar-lines. Voir la section Layout Parameters.
Here's an example of setting up a menu bar item:
(modify-frame-parameters (selected-frame)
'((menu-bar-lines . 2)))
;; Make a menu keymap (with a prompt string)
;; and make it the menu bar item's definition.
(define-key global-map [menu-bar words]
(cons "Words" (make-sparse-keymap "Words")))
;; Define specific subcommands in this menu.
(define-key global-map
[menu-bar words forward]
'("Forward word" . forward-word))
(define-key global-map
[menu-bar words backward]
'("Backward word" . backward-word))
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A local keymap can cancel a menu bar item made by the global keymap by
rebinding the same fake function key with undefined as the binding.
For example, this is how Dired suppresses the ‘Edit’ menu bar item:
(define-key dired-mode-map [menu-bar edit] 'undefined) |
edit is the fake function key used by the global map for the
‘Edit’ menu bar item. The main reason to suppress a global menu bar
item is to regain space for mode-specific items.
Normally the menu bar shows global items followed by items defined by the local maps.
This variable holds a list of fake function keys for items to display at the
end of the menu bar rather than in normal sequence. The default value is
(help-menu); thus, the ‘Help’ menu item normally appears at the
end of the menu bar, following local menu items.
This normal hook is run by redisplay to update the menu bar contents, before redisplaying the menu bar. You can use it to update submenus whose contents should vary. Since this hook is run frequently, we advise you to ensure that the functions it calls do not take much time in the usual case.
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Ce document a été généré par Eric Reinbold le 13 Octobre 2007 en utilisant texi2html 1.78.